4 sources healthy · latest episode 9 Nov 2026
descriptive claim

The Inca had never seen a horse and did not know the effects of a horse charge by a rider using stirrups.

Unresolved speaker · Si Sheppard – How did a few hundred Spanish soldiers topple two empires? · 1 Oct 2026

In their words

The transcript segments this claim was taken from

“They'd never seen a horse before or knew what it could do if you integrate a rider into the saddle with stirrups and the shock value of that charge.”
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