Tamay Besiroglu says solar-panel efficiency improvements over the past 20–30 years arose through interaction among ideas, construction, learning, and production, rather than from a pre-existing design for a future panel alone.

“it isn't just like people had the idea of like 2025 solar panels like no one ever had”

“had like nobody 20 years ago had like the sketch for a 2025 solar panel that that's not it's this kind of interplay between having ideas building learning producing and”