Andrej Karpathy says a good tutor can quickly assess a student's knowledge and probe their mental model, while no LLM can do this for him at a comparable level right now.

“like what this tutor was doing for me and how incredible that experience was and how high the bar is for like what I actually want to build eventually um because uh I mean she was extremely so she instantly from a very short conversation understood like where I am as a student what I know and don't know and she was able to like probe exactly like the kinds of questions or things to understand my world model no LLM will do that for you 100% right now not even close right but a tutor will do that if they're good”