Shared mental patterns can be realized across a wide range of substrate properties, making them somewhat substrate-independent.

“We can imagine the same letter or the same face. And that's really fascinating that we have this substrate agnosticism, that we, uh, evolve a causal pattern that exists over a very wide range of substrate properties, that we become somewhat independent of the substrate, and we are still bound to our substrate in a certain way because you and me, we can only exist on brains, right?”