Quantifying the strength of complementarities involves estimating elastic substitution, which measures how overall economic output changes when output rises more on some dimensions than on others.

“The second thing is you have to be specific about how bad do you think the complementarities are.”

“So in numerical terms,”

“economists use the concept of elastic substitution to quantify this.”

“So that gives you a numerical estimate of if you just have much more output.”

“on some dimensions but not that much on other dimensions how much does that increase economic output overall and then there's a third question you can also imagine you automate a bunch of the economy well a lot of humans were working on those jobs so now well they don't need to do that anymore because those got automated so they could work on the jobs that haven't yet been automated so for example as i give the example earlier you might imagine a world”