Alexander Mattick says a model that predicts a mean and standard deviation from input data is technically an energy-based model, although it is not usually treated as one in practice.

“What I would kind of what I kind of place my difference is if it's already normalised, so something like uh I predict, like let's say in like m uh in reinforcement learning, I predict let's say the mean and standard deviation given the input data. Then I say well this is not really uh again energy-based model. Like technically it is, practically it you wouldn't think of it like that. Then on the other extreme you have something like a score.”