Energy-based models can compare the relative likelihood of data points by computing a ratio, even if the model has an unknown overall scale.

“Namely kind of the the very big one is you can do kind of comparisons between data points. Right because like there is let's say there's effectively an unknown scale in set energy-based models. But what you can do is you can effectively still go and say well this point is that's a three times as likely as this other point by just effectively computing the ratio. And if you just need this so if you have a problem where effectively you just need pairwise comparisons,”