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Thagard argued in a 2022 paper that energy requirements undermine substrate independence.
Tim Scarfe · Why Leibniz Couldn't Find the Mind Inside the Mill (Joscha Bach) · 2 Nov 2026
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“So minds can, can exist in any, um, substrate. And I'm not sure whether you read this paper by, um, Thagard in 2022, and he made this quite interesting argument that energy requirements undermine substrate independence.”1:04:09Report a misattribution
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